Pitchers to start fading

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Gonna start fading a few pitchers that have stats indicating they are performing outside of their capability. What does "performing outside of their capability" mean? Well I'm a stathead, and to me, that means a guy who has gotten very good, even too good, defense behind him. How to measure that? BABIP.

A pitcher with an extraordinarily low BABIP (Batting Average on Balls-in-play) coupled with moderate or high contact rates (K/9, K/IP, K/BB) is getting a lot of contact and a lot of defensive support. The league average for BABIP is around .300. These stats are from BP:

Code:
Pitcher             BABIP  ERA     K/9    K/BB
Jason Bergmann      .183   2.76    7.7     2.0
Jason Marquis       .196   2.22    4.3     1.6
Jon Garland         .210   3.44    3.3     1.5
Rich Hill           .212   2.51    7.7     2.7
Orlando Hernandez   .218   2.53    7.0     1.9
Tim Wakefield       .226   2.41    5.2     1.5
James Shields       .226   3.13    8.1     5.4
Mark Hendrickson    .232   2.61    6.9     2.4
Jarrod Washburn     .234   2.64    4.9     2.2
Matt Cain           .236   3.18    6.2     1.4

These are essentially all guys who are not power pitchers, who do not strike out a ton of batters, who get a lot of contact, and who are allowing few hits from that contact. In essence, the argument here is that--other than Home Runs, which a pitcher controls to some degree--a pitcher has little control over balls put in play. A pitcher can control his GO/FO ratio, which also tends to control home runs, but beyond that a ball in play is a ball in play, and its up to the defense behind him to field it.

Given that the average BABIP is .300, most of these pitchers with BABIP far below that--especially those pitching in front of mediocre defenses--can expect their BABIP to rise over the course of the remainder of the season. And given that most of these guys aren't considered strikeout pitchers--with a few exceptions--means their ERA are going to skyrocket. In my opinion.

If my logic follows, the ones with the worst K/BB and K/9 rates should see their ERAs rise the most (Marquis, Garland, Wakefield, Washburn) while the ones with the best K/BB and K/9 should see the least correction (Bergmann, Hill, Hernandez, Shields, Hendrickson, Cain). I would guess, however, that Bergmann and Hill will see quite a correction because their BABIP is quite low. Also I think Cain will see a large correction because the defense playing behind him is remarkably bad. Wakefield is an interesting one because he's a fundamentally different pitcher than the rest of the guys on this list, so I'm not sure if my logic is going to apply to the knuckleball. We'll see, but for now I'm going to lay off fading him as hard as the rest of these guys.

I'm going to track these guys from here on out and we'll see if my predictions are right as far as ERA, and as far as fading their teams! :toast:
 

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Nice post.

Are you able to run a search on the opposite parameters---typically solid pitchers that are off to bad starts, and one could expect to "pull it together?"
 

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Nice post.

Are you able to run a search on the opposite parameters---typically solid pitchers that are off to bad starts, and one could expect to "pull it together?"


Good Idea.
 

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Is this your system?

On ESPNradio the other evening, I heard a guy named Jonah Keri talking about the same exact system and he mentioned the same pitchers you have on your list.
 

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It's not a system, it's just looking at the stats. It's a pretty common way for statheads to predict which pitchers are outpitching themselves based on luck, abnormally outstanding fielding, etcetera. And the reason he has the same guys is because they are the 10 with the lowest BABIP in the majors (with 30 or so minimum IP).

As for the "reverse" of the originally posted stats:

Code:
PITCHER		BABIP	ERA	K/9	K/BB
Adam Wainwright	0.388	6.3409	5.3182	1.1818
Freddy Garcia	0.375	5.1757	7.4760	3.2500
Jae Seo		0.370	7.2544	5.2141	1.9167
Anibal Sanchez	0.367	4.8000	4.2000	0.7368
Horacio Ramirez	0.359	6.4087	3.0650	0.7333
Sidney Ponson	0.359	6.9231	5.4907	1.3529
Zack Greinke	0.358	5.1365	6.0298	1.9286
Zach Duke	0.357	5.6120	3.1178	1.6667
Kevin Millwood	0.350	6.6289	6.6289	1.4444
Brett Tomko	0.350	5.9682	6.6844	1.4737
C.C. Sabathia	0.350	4.0223	9.7207	5.8000
David Wells	0.349	5.4000	4.8000	2.1818
Dave Bush	0.347	5.4767	6.9371	4.7500
Edwin Jackson	0.346	6.8222	7.6093	1.4500
Miguel Batista	0.345	6.9767	5.1163	2.2000
Matt Chico	0.344	5.5814	5.8140	1.1364
Odalis Perez	0.342	6.0432	3.4532	1.3333
John Lackey	0.342	2.7017	8.4428	3.8462
Kyle Lohse	0.341	4.0039	6.2669	3.0000
Jered Weaver	0.340	3.6223	8.3591	2.5000
Randy Johnson	0.338	4.8000	11.1000	5.2857
Cole Hamels	0.338	3.4552	9.7075	3.6875
Scott Olsen	0.338	4.8758	6.2980	1.4091
Matt Belisle	0.336	4.3813	6.5720	4.0000

In this case you'd be looking at the guys with very high BABIP and good secondary stats that are getting a lot of their balls hit well. I'm not sure if this kind of analysis is going to work as well as the reverse, but it will be interesting to see. Some notables on this list that we could expect to improve:

Adam Wainwright
Freddy Garcia(!)
Zach Greinke
Kevin Millwood
Brett Tomko
CC Sabathia(!)
Dave Bush(!)
Edwin Jackson
John Lackey(!)
Randy Johnson(!)
Cole Hamels(!)

Obviously the guys lower on the list, less correction, and the guys with lesser secondary stats, less correction. I haven't taken into account the defense playing behind any of these guys.
 

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Nice effort, cklennon. Very interesting analysis and interpretation of stats.

Hope you don't mind my devil's advocate attempt. I tend to look at both sides, make that, all sides to see what flaws or strength an analysis are about.

As you pointed out, a lot of finesse pitchers would likely allow moderate contact (as they are not overpowering) so batters would put more balls into play. Further, there are categories where we label the pitcher as a GO pitcher or a FO pitcher based on his GO/FO ratio. That should be a huge stat in your list, IMHO.

A finesse GO pitcher will allow a very low BABIP, which can mean EITHER way. It doesn't mean that his ERA should skyrocket because he also "doesn't throw many strikeouts". Pitchers throwing in mid-80's doesn't strike out much... Maddux, Moyer, etc (both not even top 50 in MLB, but they are just a wild example I quickly thought of)..

A finesse FO pitcher, OTOH, probably would allow a moderate BABIP because the fly balls are not fielded as an out in proportion to the ground balls. This is where I admit I'm not exactly sure how the GO/FO stat is based on. Does it include GO's that shoot through the IF first into OF... considering that as a ground ball, right?

Anyway, before I derail myself (as I have a tendency to do so).... I just think that while BABIP is a very interesting stat but it's likely skewed in favor of those ground-ball finesse pitchers than any other type. Just because a pitcher throws uhh... 12 ground balls/4 flyballs/2 strikeouts in a 6-inning attempt (what about foulouts and popouts within the infield?? that's a flyball, right?) doesn't tell me much about whether his ERA should skyrocket or not. From a stat-crunching perspective, you would also have to feed the BA of the batters faced as well. Why? It is different if a pitcher has already faced TWICE against teams like White Sox or Nationals batters, who are the 2 worst BA teams in MLB right now... *OR* if a pitcher has a misfortune of having faced Mets, Red Sox, or Twins 2 or 3 times already.

Just some thoughts to add to the discussion.

Cheers,

* CalvinTy
 

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Nice effort, cklennon. Very interesting analysis and interpretation of stats.

Hope you don't mind my devil's advocate attempt. I tend to look at both sides, make that, all sides to see what flaws or strength an analysis are about.

As you pointed out, a lot of finesse pitchers would likely allow moderate contact (as they are not overpowering) so batters would put more balls into play. Further, there are categories where we label the pitcher as a GO pitcher or a FO pitcher based on his GO/FO ratio. That should be a huge stat in your list, IMHO.

A finesse GO pitcher will allow a very low BABIP, which can mean EITHER way. It doesn't mean that his ERA should skyrocket because he also "doesn't throw many strikeouts". Pitchers throwing in mid-80's doesn't strike out much... Maddux, Moyer, etc (both not even top 50 in MLB, but they are just a wild example I quickly thought of)..

A finesse FO pitcher, OTOH, probably would allow a moderate BABIP because the fly balls are not fielded as an out in proportion to the ground balls. This is where I admit I'm not exactly sure how the GO/FO stat is based on. Does it include GO's that shoot through the IF first into OF... considering that as a ground ball, right?

Anyway, before I derail myself (as I have a tendency to do so).... I just think that while BABIP is a very interesting stat but it's likely skewed in favor of those ground-ball finesse pitchers than any other type. Just because a pitcher throws uhh... 12 ground balls/4 flyballs/2 strikeouts in a 6-inning attempt (what about foulouts and popouts within the infield?? that's a flyball, right?) doesn't tell me much about whether his ERA should skyrocket or not. From a stat-crunching perspective, you would also have to feed the BA of the batters faced as well. Why? It is different if a pitcher has already faced TWICE against teams like White Sox or Nationals batters, who are the 2 worst BA teams in MLB right now... *OR* if a pitcher has a misfortune of having faced Mets, Red Sox, or Twins 2 or 3 times already.

Just some thoughts to add to the discussion.

Cheers,

* CalvinTy
I'm not sure I see your point about the GO/FO, perhaps you can reword it? I don't really see how that should affect it. Maybe you're misinterpreting what I'm presenting.

Basically it is the opinion of most statheads that a pitcher has control over only a few things: K's, BB's and GO/FO (and with GO/FO comes control of HR). The pitcher has very little--if any--control over whether a ball put into play turns into an out or a hit. With that said, the historical average for BABIP is around .300, so any pitcher whose BABIP is considerably different from that .300 number is likely experiencing (a) a great deal of good luck or (b) fielders who are performing remarkably well. Given that those two things are likely to be self-correcting over the course of a season, we can expect most pitchers' BABIP to organize around the mean of .300 over the course of a long season.

Of course there are always going to be guys who are lucky or unlucky the entire season and may see a BABIP far from the mean, but there will be few of them in the long-run...
 

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thanks, I enjoy reading this stuff and wish more of these kinds of posts were on here

Calvin, if you are interested in GB/FB ratio and how it relates to ERA, nate silver from baseball prospectus came up with a theoretical era called QERA
which takes GB/FB ratio into account as it is something that has little fluctuation.
to use QERA you need to know the SO% which is strikeouts divided by batters faced, BB% (walks divided by batters faced), and GB% (GB/GB+FB)

lets say in EXCEL A1 = K%, B1= BB%, and C1= GB%, in D1 just plug in this formula:
=(2.69+A1*(-3.4)+B1*3.88+C1*(-0.66))^2

i like Qera as park factors has less influence on Qera than some of the other ERA's such as FIP (fielding independent pitching) but I don't know what the most accurate ERA is in predicting future performance
 

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